Visa data
How much you must earn to move to Europe
Every European residence visa for remote workers and retirees sets a minimum income. Here are 14 of them side by side, in euros a month, from the official government pages.
The short answer
For remote workers, Estonia asks the most (€4,500 a month) and Italy the least (€2,125). Most nomad visas cluster around €3,000 to €3,700 a month. If you will not work at all, the bar is much lower: Portugal’s D7 starts at €920 a month and France’s long-stay visitor visa at €1,478.
Read the fine print before comparing: some countries count income before tax and others after tax, and most add more for a spouse and children. Each visa page below has the exact rule and the official source.
All 14 visas
Click a column to sort.
| Visa | Country | Type | Minimum a month | How the rule is set |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia Digital Nomad Visa | Estonia | Digital nomad | €4,500 | The e-Residency program's official Digital Nomad Visa page states a minimum of €4,500 net per month. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs D-visa page lists a lower teleworking figure of €132 per day (€3,960 per month). The two official pages disagree - plan for the higher figure and confirm with the embassy. Income must be shown for the preceding months (the police page asks for six months of income for teleworking applicants). |
| Portugal D8 Digital Nomad Visa | Portugal | Digital nomad | €3,680 | Four times the Portuguese monthly minimum wage (4 x EUR 920 in 2026), averaged over the last three months, per the VFS Global Portugal checklist for the remote-work visa (November 2025). Income must come from work, not passive sources. |
| Croatia Digital Nomad Temporary Stay | Croatia | Digital nomad | €3,622.50 | At least 2.5 times the average monthly net salary of the previous year (€3,622.50 a month now), shown by bank statements or six months of payslips; or a lump sum of €43,470 (12 months) or €65,205 (18 months) in a bank account. Add 10% of the average net salary per additional family member. |
| Greece Digital Nomad Visa and Residence Permit | Greece | Digital nomad | €3,500 | At least €3,500 a month after tax (or proof of sufficient resources for the stay), raised by 20% for a spouse or cohabitant and 15% for each child |
| Malta Nomad Residence Permit | Malta | Digital nomad | €3,500 | Gross yearly income of at least €42,000 (€3,500 a month). Applicants who applied before 1 April 2024 keep the old €32,400 a year requirement. |
| Cyprus Digital Nomad Visa | Cyprus | Digital nomad | €3,500 | Stable net monthly income of at least €3,500 after contributions and taxes |
| Hungary White Card (Digital Nomad Residence Permit) | Hungary | Digital nomad | €3,000 | Net monthly income of EUR 3,000 reached or exceeded in each of the 6 months before entry and maintained for the entire stay (OIF). |
| Italy Elective Residency Visa | Italy | Retirement or passive income | €2,583 | About €31,000 a year per applicant, including a spouse, per the Italian embassy in Tashkent's checklist; income must be non-employment (pensions, annuities, rental income, stable business income). The Washington embassy page says 'around €31,000 per person' for families. Consulates set the figure, so check yours. |
| Spain Digital Nomad Visa (Telework Visa) | Spain | Digital nomad | €2,442 | 200% of the monthly minimum wage (SMI), shown as EUR 2,442 for 2026 on the Washington consulate page (SMI EUR 1,221), plus EUR 916 a month for the first family member and EUR 306 for each additional one |
| Spain Non-Lucrative Visa (Residence Without Work) | Spain | Retirement or passive income | €2,400 | 400% of the monthly IPREM for the main applicant plus 100% of the IPREM for each family member, per the Spanish consulate page; with the 2026 IPREM of EUR 600 (per secondary sources) this is EUR 2,400 a month (EUR 28,800 a year), plus EUR 600 per dependent |
| Italy Digital Nomad Visa (Remote Worker Visa) | Italy | Digital nomad | €2,125 | Annual income from lawful sources of at least three times the amount that exempts you from Italian health-service contributions. Consulates quote about €24,789 (2024 figure, New York/Boston) to €25,500 a year (Tbilisi, Pristina), roughly €2,100 a month; one secondary guide says about €28,000. Employees must also meet the ISTAT median-salary floor. Check your consulate. |
| Greece Financially Independent Person Visa | Greece | Retirement or passive income | €2,000 | Stable income of €2,000 a month, raised by 20% for a spouse and 15% for each child, shown mainly through a foreign pension or a Greek bank statement |
| France Long-Stay Visitor Visa (VLS-TS Visiteur) | France | Retirement or passive income | €1,478 | Resources equal to 12 times the net monthly minimum wage (SMIC): the French state lists €1,477.93 net a month (€17,735.19 a year) for a single person, based on the 1 June 2026 SMIC. Consulates can ask for more, and family allowances do not count. |
| Portugal D7 Visa (Passive Income Visa) | Portugal | Retirement or passive income | €920 | 100% of the Portuguese national minimum wage (EUR 920 in 2026) for the main applicant, +50% for a spouse or other adult, +30% per child, per the percentages on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs visa portal. That portal page still shows the 2024 figure of EUR 820, so the EUR 920 figure applies the 2026 wage to the official percentages and is widely used by secondary sources; confirm the figure with your consulate. |
How we built this
These figures come from our visa database. For each route we read the official government or consulate page and recorded the minimum monthly income for a single main applicant, with the date we checked it (October 7, 2026 for every figure here). Work permits are left out because their salary thresholds work differently. Rules change often; see our visa rule change log and always confirm with the consulate before applying. Not legal advice.
Frequently asked questions
Which European digital nomad visa needs the highest income?
Estonia, at €4,500 a month for a single applicant, among the visas we track.
Which European visa has the lowest income requirement?
Portugal D7 Visa (Passive Income Visa), at €920 a month for the main applicant (one Portuguese minimum wage in 2026). It is for passive income such as pensions or rent, not remote work.